c语言简单的管理系统
A. 用c语言编写一个学生管理系统
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
class student
{
protected:
int number;
char name[20];
char sex[6];
char place[20];
char nation[6];
char birth[20];
char party[10];
char id[20];
double score[3];
public:
student *next;
student(){ }
~student(){ }
char* getname(){ return name; }
int getnumber(){ return number;}
double getscore(int i) { return score[3];}
float getg(){ return (score[0]+score[1]+score[2]); }
void input()
{
int e=1;
cout<<"\t\t\t按提示输入:"<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t输入编号: ";
cin>>number;
cout<<"\t\t输入姓名: ";
cin>>name;
do
{
cout<<"\t\t输入性别: ";
cin>>sex;
if(strcmp(sex,"男")==0 || strcmp(sex,"女")==0)
{
cout<<"\t\t输入籍贯: ";
cin>>place;
cout<<"\t\t输入民族: ";
cin>>nation;
cout<<"\t\t输入生日: ";
cin>>birth;
cout<<"\t\t输入政治面貌: ";
cin>>party;
cout<<"\t\t输入身份证号: ";
cin>>id;
cout<<"\t\t输入数学分数: ";
cin>>score[0];
cout<<"\t\t输入英语分数: ";
cin>>score[1];
cout<<"\t\t输入计算机分数: ";
cin>>score[2];
e=0;
}
else
{
cout<<"\t\t\t无此类型性别!重新输入!"<<endl;
e=1;
}
}while(e);
return ;
}
void input(ifstream & is)
{
is>>number>>name>>sex>>place>>nation>>birth>>party>>id
>>score[0]>>score[1]>>score[2];
is.get();
}
void output()
{
cout<<"学生基本信息如下:"<<endl;
cout<<"编号:"<<number
<<" 姓名:"<<name
<<" 性别:"<<sex
<<" 籍贯:"<<place
<<" 民族:"<<nation
<<" 生日:"<<birth
<<" 政治面貌:"<<party<<endl
<<"身份证号:"<<id
<<" 数学:"<<score[0]
<<" 英语:"<<score[1]
<<" 计算机:"<<score[2]
<<" 总分:"<<getg()<<endl<<endl;
}
void output(ofstream & os)
{
os<<setw(6)<<number
<<setw(15)<<name
<<setw(6)<<sex
<<setw(20)<<place
<<setw(6)<<nation
<<setw(20)<<birth
<<setw(20)<<party
<<setw(20)<<id
<<setw(6)<<score[0]
<<setw(6)<<score[1]
<<setw(6)<<score[2]<<endl;
}
};
class school
{
public:
school(){ head=new student; head->next=NULL; key=0; }
~school(){ delete head; }
void input();
void mend();
void del();
int find(student **p,int num,char *pn="^");
void found();
void show();
void count();
void save();
void begin();
void clear();
char mainmenu();
int getkey(){ return key;}
void setkey(int k){ key=k; }
private:
student *head;
int key;
};
//录入函数
void school::input()
{
student *p,*p2=NULL;
p=head;
int n;
while(p->next)
p=p->next;
while(n)
{
p2=new student;
p2->input();
p->next=p2;
p2->next=NULL;
p=p->next;
school::setkey(1);
cout<<"\t\t\t按1继续,按0返回 : ";
cin>>n;
}
}
//子查找函数
int school::find(student **p1,int num,char *pn)
{
student *p;
p=head;
while(p->next)
{
(*p1)=p;
if( (p->next)->getnumber()==num||!strcmp( (p->next)->getname(),pn ) )
return 1;
p=p->next;
}
return 0;
}
//查找函数
void school::found()
{
student *p;
int num=-1,n=9;
char name[20]="^";
do
{
cout<<"\t\t1:按编号查找,2:按姓名查找: ";
cin>>n;
}while(n<1||n>2);
if(n==1)
{
cout<<"\t\t\t输入编号: ";
cin>>num;
}
if(n==2)
{
cout<<"\t\t\t输入姓名: ";
cin>>name;
}
if(!find(&p,num,name) )
{
cout<<"\t\t找不到你要查找的内容!"<<endl;
return;
}
(p->next)->output();
}
//删除函数
void school::del()
{
student *p,*p2;
int num;
cout<<"\t\t\t输入编号: ";
cin>>num;
if( !find(&p,num,"^") )
{
cout<<"\t\t找不到你要删除的内容!"<<endl;
return;
}
(p->next)->output();
p2=p->next;
p->next=p2->next;
delete p2;
school::setkey(1);
}
//显示函数
void school::show()
{
student *p;
p=head;
while(p->next)
{
(p->next)->output();
p=p->next;
}
}
//修改函数
void school::mend()
{
student *p;
int num=-1,n;
char name[20]="^";
do
{
cout<<"\t\t1:按编号修改,2:按姓名修改: ";
cin>>n;
}while(n<1||n>2);
if(n==1)
{
cout<<"\t\t\t输入编号: ";
cin>>num;
}
if(n==2)
{
cout<<"\t\t\t输入姓名: ";
cin>>name;
}
if( !find(&p,num,name) )
{
cout<<"\t\t找不到你要修改的内容!"<<endl;
return;
}
(p->next)->output();
(p->next)->input();
school::setkey(1);
}
//保存函数
void school::save()
{
student *p;
p=head;
ofstream os("student.txt",ios::out);
if (school::getkey()==1)
{
while(p->next)
{
(p->next)->output(os);
p=p->next;
}
}
cout<<"\t\t\t文件已保存! "<<endl;
school::setkey(0);
}
//初始化函数
void school::begin()
{
student *p,*p2;
p=head;
clear();
long t;
ifstream is("student.txt",ios::in);
if(!is)
{
ofstream os("student.txt",ios::out);
os.close();
return ;
}
int num=-1;
while(1)
{
num=-1;
t=is.tellg();
is>>num;
is.seekg(t);
if(num<0)
{
is.close();
return;
}
p2=new student;
p2->input(is);
p->next=p2;
p2->next=NULL;
p=p->next;
}
}
//清空函数
void school::clear()
{
student *p,*p2;
p=head->next;
while( p )
{
p2=p;
p=p->next;
delete p2;
}
}
//统计函数
void school::count()
{
student *p;
p=head;
int n=0;
double g[3]={0,0,0};
float j[3]={0,0,0};
while(p->next)
{
p=p->next;
n++;
for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
{
g[++i]=g[i]+( p->getscore(i) );
(p->getscore(i) )>=60? j[i++] : 0 ;
}
}
cout<<"\t\t\b\b\b\b数学总分:"<<g[0]<<" 平均分:"<<g[0]/n
<<" 及格率:"<<j[0]/n<<endl<<"\t\t\b\b\b\b英语总分:"<<g[1]
<<" 平均分:"<<g[1]/n<<" 及格率:"<<j[1]/n<<endl
<<"\t\t\b\b\b\b计算机总分: "<<g[2]<<" 平均分: "<<g[2]/n
<<" 及格率:"<<j[2]/n<<endl;
}
//主选菜单函数
char school::mainmenu()
{
char n[6];
cout<<"\n\n ☆☆☆☆欢迎进入高校学籍管理系统☆☆☆☆"<<endl<<endl
<<" * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *"<<endl
<<" * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *"<<endl
<<" * * 1: 录入学生信息 * *"<<endl
<<" * * 2: 显示学生信息 * *"<<endl
<<" * * 3: 查找学生信息 * *"<<endl
<<" * * 4: 删除学生信息 * *"<<endl
<<" * * 5: 修改学生信息 * *"<<endl
<<" * * 6: 统计学生成绩 * *"<<endl
<<" * * 7: 保存学生信息 * *"<<endl
<<" * * 0: 退出系统 * *"<<endl
<<" * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *"<<endl
<<" * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *"<<endl
<<" 请选择:";
cin>>n;
return n[0];
}
//主函数
void main()
{
school pp;
int k=1;
char n;
pp.begin();
while(k==1)
{
n=pp.mainmenu();
switch(n)
{
case '1':pp.input(); break;
case '2':pp.show(); break;
case '3':pp.found(); break;
case '4':pp.del(); break;
case '5':pp.mend(); break;
case '6':pp.count(); break;
case '7':pp.save(); break;
case '0':
if(pp.getkey()==1)
{
cout<<"\t\t\t是否保存? 1 : 保存 0:不保存 : ";
cin>>k;
if(k==1)
pp.save();
}
pp.clear();
k=0;
break;
}
}
}
B. C语言 学生成绩管理系统
[cpp]viewplainprint?
<spanstyle="font-size:16px;">#include"stdio.h"
#include"string"
/*定义学生结构体*/
structStudent
{
charID[20];
charName[20];
floatMark1;
floatMark2;
floatMark3;
floatAverage;
};
/*声明学生数组及学生数量*/
structStudentstudents[1000];
intnum=0;/*求平均值*/
floatAvg(structStudentstu)
{
return(stu.Mark1+stu.Mark2+stu.Mark3)/3;
}/*通过学号返回数组下标*/
intStudent_SearchByIndex(charid[])
{
inti;
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
if(strcmp(students[i].ID,id)==0)
{
returni;
}
}
return-1;
}/*通过姓名返回数组下标*/
intStudent_SearchByName(charname[])
{
inti;
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
if(strcmp(students[i].Name,name)==0)
{
returni;
}
}
return-1;
}/*显示单条学生记录*/
voidStudent_DisplaySingle(intindex)
{
printf("%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s ","学号","姓名","成绩","成绩","成绩","平均成绩");
printf("------------------------------------------------------------- ");
printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f ",students[index].ID,students[index].Name,
students[index].Mark1,students[index].Mark2,students[index].Mark3,students[index].Average);
}/*插入学生信息*/
voidStudent_Insert()
{
while(1)
{
printf("请输入学号:");
scanf("%s",&students[num].ID);
getchar();printf("请输入姓名:");
scanf("%s",&students[num].Name);
getchar();printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark1);
getchar();printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark2);
getchar();printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",&students[num].Mark3);
getchar();students[num].Average=Avg(students[num]);
num++;printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
if(getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}}/*修改学生信息*/
voidStudent_Modify()
{
//floatmark1,mark2,mark3;
while(1)
{
charid[20];
intindex;
printf("请输入要修改的学生的学号:");
scanf("%s",&id);
getchar();
index=Student_SearchByIndex(id);
if(index==-1)
{
printf("学生不存在! ");
}
else
{
printf("你要修改的学生信息为: ");
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
printf("--请输入新值-- ");
printf("请输入学号:");
scanf("%s",&students[index].ID);
getchar();
printf("请输入姓名:");
scanf("%s",&students[index].Name);
getchar();
printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark1);
getchar();
printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark2);
getchar();
printf("请输入成绩:");
scanf("%f",&students[index].Mark3);
getchar();
students[index].Average=Avg(students[index]);
}
printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
if(getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}/*删除学生信息*/
voidStudent_Delete()
{
inti;
while(1)
{
charid[20];
intindex;
printf("请输入要删除的学生的学号:");
scanf("%s",&id);
getchar();
index=Student_SearchByIndex(id);
if(index==-1)
{
printf("学生不存在! ");
}
else
{
printf("你要删除的学生信息为: ");
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
printf("是否真的要删除?(y/n)");
if(getchar()=='y')
{
for(i=index;i<num-1;i++)
{
students[i]=students[i+1];//把后边的对象都向前移动
}
num--;
}
getchar();
}
printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
if(getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}/*按姓名查询*/
voidStudent_Select()
{
while(1)
{
charname[20];
intindex;
printf("请输入要查询的学生的姓名:");
scanf("%s",&name);
getchar();
index=Student_SearchByName(name);
if(index==-1)
{
printf("学生不存在! ");
}
else
{
printf("你要查询的学生信息为: ");
Student_DisplaySingle(index);
}
printf("是否继续?(y/n)");
if(getchar()=='n')
{
break;
}
}
}/*按平均值排序*/
voidStudent_SortByAverage()
{
inti,j;
structStudenttmp;
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<num-i;j++)
{
if(students[j-1].Average<students[j].Average)
{
tmp=students[j-1];
students[j-1]=students[j];
students[j]=tmp;
}
}
}
}/*显示学生信息*/
voidStudent_Display()
{
inti;
printf("%10s%10s%8s%8s%8s%10s ","学号","姓名","成绩","成绩","成绩","平均成绩");
printf("------------------------------------------------------------- ");
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
printf("%10s%10s%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%10.2f ",students[i].ID,students[i].Name,
students[i].Mark1,students[i].Mark2,students[i].Mark3,students[i].Average);
}
}/*将学生信息从文件读出*/
voidIO_ReadInfo()
{
FILE*fp;
inti;
if((fp=fopen("Database.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能打开文件! ");
return;
}
if(fread(&num,sizeof(int),1,fp)!=1)
{
num=-1;
}
else
{
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
fread(&students[i],sizeof(structStudent),1,fp);
}
}
fclose(fp);
}/*将学生信息写入文件*/
voidIO_WriteInfo()
{
FILE*fp;
inti;
if((fp=fopen("Database.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{
printf("不能打开文件! ");
return;
}
if(fwrite(&num,sizeof(int),1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("写入文件错误! ");
}
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
if(fwrite(&students[i],sizeof(structStudent),1,fp)!=1)
{
printf("写入文件错误! ");
}
}
fclose(fp);
}
/*主程序*/
voidmain()
{
intchoice;
IO_ReadInfo();
while(1)
{
/*主菜单*/
printf(" ------学生成绩管理系统------ ");
printf("1.增加学生记录 ");
printf("2.修改学生记录 ");
printf("3.删除学生记录 ");
printf("4.按姓名查询学生记录 ");
printf("5.按平均成绩排序 ");
printf("6.退出 ");
printf("请选择(1-6):");
scanf("%d",&choice);
getchar();
switch(choice)
{
case1:
Student_Insert();
break;
case2:
Student_Modify();
break;
case3:
Student_Delete();
break;
case4:
Student_Select();
break;
case5:
Student_SortByAverage();
Student_Display();
break;
case6:
exit(0);
break;
}
IO_WriteInfo();
}
}
</span>
C. 怎样用c语言编写学生管理系统
1、一定要先写好主函数的框架，然后再往上面加东西，这样说有点笼统，我把我的主函数在下面，可以借鉴下哈。我的主函数是一个while(1)的无限循环，里面一个switch选择，利用一个菜单函数，让其返回值当成switch选择的值，然后进入不同的功能主函数，其他功能主函数和主函数的套路一样。
