linuxrman备份脚本

‘壹’ 求oracle 8i RMAN全备份步骤、脚本

RMAN的 0 级备份是：

backup incremental level 0 tag 'dbf00'
format '/home/oracle/backup/dbf00_%T_%u_%p.bak'
database filesperset 16 skip readonly ;

sql 'alter system archive log current'; -- 归档一个后再备份
backup archivelog from time 'sysdate-1'
format '/home/oracle/backup/log00_%T_%u_%p.bak';

channel 不要开4个，开2个就足够了

‘贰’ oracle rman备份脚本怎么写

在ORACLE数据库中，RMAN备份的脚本非常多，下面介绍一例shell脚本如何通过RMAN备份，以及ftp上传RMAN备份文件以及归档日志文件的脚本。
fullback.sh 里面调用RMAN命令做数据库备份，它使用的cmdfile为/home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv，同时在/home/oracle/backup/logs目录下生成日志文件。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more fullback.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/bash
4:
5: export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
6:
7: export ORACLE_SID=gps
8:
9: ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/proct/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
10:
11: TMP=/tmp; export TMP
12:
13: TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
14:
15: PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
16:
17: PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
18:
19: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
20:
21: CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
22:
23: export CLASSPATH
24:
25: TODAY=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
26:
27: rman nocatalog target / cmdfile /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv log /home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$TODAY.log
28:
29: /home/oracle/backup/bin/ftpbackup.sh
30:
fullback.rcv文件非常简单， 如下所示：
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv
2:
3: run{
4:
5: allocate channel c4 type disk;
6:
7: backup as compressed backupset
8:
9: skip inaccessible
10:
11: tag fullbackupwitharchivelog
12:
13: (database);
14:
15: backup current controlfile;
16:
17: backup spfile;
18:
19: sql "alter system archive log current";
20:
21: delete noprompt obsolete;
22:
23: release channel c4;
24:
25: }
26:
RMAN生成的备份文件，需要通过FTP上传到FTP服务器，一则数据库服务器没有这么多空间存储多天的备份，二则是出于容灾、数据安全需要。
下面脚本中FTP服务器，用户名密码均使用xxx替代，在实际环境中，使用具体的信息替代即可。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftpbackup.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh、
4:
5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc
6:
7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
12:
13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
14:
15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
16:
17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
18:
19: echo "mkdir $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
20:
21: echo "cd $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
22:
23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
24:
25: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
26:
27: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc
28:
29: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
30:
31: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
32:
33: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
34:
35: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc
36:
37: echo "cd .." >>/home/oracle/.netrc
38:
39: echo "cd ../backupset" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
40:
41: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
42:
43: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
44:
45: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/backupset/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
46:
47: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
48:
49: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc
50:
51: echo "cd ../autobackup" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
52:
53: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
54:
55: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
56:
57: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/autobackup/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
58:
59: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
60:
61: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
62:
63: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
64:
65: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc
66:
67: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log 2>&1
68:
另外，关于归档日志也需要每隔2小时上传一次到FTP服务器，2小时上传一次归档日志的shell脚本如下所示：
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftp2hours.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh
4:
5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc
6:
7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
12:
13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
14:
15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
16:
17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
18:
19: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
20:
21: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
22:
23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
24:
25: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc
26:
27: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
28:
29: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
30:
31: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc
32:
33: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp2hours.$date_today.log 2>&1
34:
最后需要将RMAN备份生成的日志文件，以及FTP上传备份文件以及归档日志的记录通过邮件形式发送给DBA或系统管理员，
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more chkbackandmail.sh
2: #!/bin/bash
3: rm -f /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
4: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
5: subject="Oracle Backup Alert Service on $date_today"
6: content="Dear colleagues,
7:
8: Attached please find the logs of xxx(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) oracle database backup and transfer to FTP Server(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx), please
9: review the file and check whether the backup succeeded or not,and double check all backups have been mped to tape, many tha
10: nks
11:
12:
13:
14:
15: Best regards
16: Oracle Alert Services
17:
18: "
19: file="/home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$date_today.log,/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log"
20: echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
21: echo "use Mail::Sender;" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
22: echo "\$sender = new Mail::Sender {smtp => 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx', from => '[email protected]'}; ">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmai
23: l.pl
24: echo "\$sender->MailFile({to => '[email protected]',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
25: echo "cc=>'[email protected],[email protected],[email protected]'," >> /home/oracle/backup/b
26: in/sendmail.pl
27: echo "subject => '$subject',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
28: echo "msg => '$content',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
29: echo "file => '$file'});">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
30: perl /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
最后在Crontab 作业里面配置调用这些shell脚本。例如如下所示，在1：01分执行fullback.sh ，每隔两个小时（例如0:50、2:50...)执行一次ftp2hours.sh, 在每天早上8:40执行chkbackandmail.sh 发送fullback.sh 以及ftp2hour.sh的执行日志记录。

‘叁’ 请教linux定时执行数据库备份脚本的问题

Oracle自动备份数据库不外乎以下三种方式WINDOWS下的任务计划(At命令)
UNIX下的Crontab
第三方工具如Viritas
在以上三种方式中Viritas属于第三方工具，很多人可能都没有接触，主要说一下windows的任务计划与unix的cron
1、生成脚本文件，如backup.rcv 假定文件内容如下：
$>cat backup.rcv connect target sys/password rcvcat rman/rman@localname; run{ allocate channel c1 type disk; allocate channel c2 type disk; allocate channel c3 type disk; backup fileaperset 3 format ‘/u01/oradata/backup/arch%u_%s_%p’ archivelog all delete input; release channel c1; release channel c2; release channel c3; }

2、生成执行文件在windows上生成backup_archive.bat，内容包括rman cmdfile = backup.rcv 在unix下生成 backup_archive.sh，内容包括oracle/ramn/rman cmdfile = backup.rcv
3、加入调度在windows中用任务计划向导即可，或使用at命令。在unix中，在目标机器上编写一个文件，用以启动Oracle自动备份进程。假定文件名为ORACLE，文件将放在/var/spool/cron/crontabs目录下
$>cat oracle
0 23 * * 0 backup_archive.sh
#表示星期天23点对数据库备份
0 12,18 * * * backup_archive.sh
#表示每天12点，18点备份
Crontab文件的每一行由六个域(minutes,hours,day of month,month,day of week,command)组成，域之间用空格或Tab分隔开来

‘肆’ oracle数据库这样的（照片所示）rman备份脚本怎么写

只考虑备份，不考虑其他情况下：
root下的3个rman备份级别的脚本：

#cat rman_0.sql
backup incremental level 0 database;
#cat rman_1.sql
backup incremental level 1 database;
#cat rman_1c.sql
backup incremental level 1 cumulative database;

root下的调用rman脚本
#cat rman_0.sh
#!/bin/bash
su - oracle -c "rman target sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit @/root/rman_0.sql"
#cat rman_1.sh
#!/bin/bash
su - oracle -c "rman target sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit @/root/rman_1.sql"
#cat rman_1c.sh
#!/bin/bash
su - oracle -c "rman target sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit @/root/rman_1c.sql"

root的计划任务：
#crontab -e
0 1 * * 0 /root/rman_0.sh
0 2 * * 1 /root/rman_1.sh
0 2 * * 2 /root/rman_1.sh
0 3 * * 3 /root/rman_1c.sh
0 2 * * 4 /root/rman_1.sh
0 3 * * 5 /root/rman_1c.sh
0 2 * * 6 /root/rman_1.sh

11g里只有0和1两个备份级别，请自行对应oracle低版本
level 0是full
level 1是差异增量备份 --和前一次备份比较，将这个期间改变的数据备份下来
level 1c是累计增量备份 --和比他小得级别相比（即全备份），改变的数据备份

然后根据实际情况还要将备份的策略往脚本添加

‘伍’ linux 下 oracle 10g 使用rman 每周执行一次 自动备份脚本如何编写 希望能有解释。

crontab -e
0 0 0 0 0 /script_path/your_backup_script.sh

每周日零时自动执行

‘陆’ 高分求助！谁给我解释下这段linux中oracle备份脚本的意思，越详细越好，谢谢了！！

您好，我刚接触LINUX还没有接触到ORACLE去，我纯粹说一下这个脚本，半斤八两的嘎嘎。
ORACLE_HOME=/u/proct/oracle816; export ORACLE_HOME
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u/proct/oracle816/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
ORACLE_BASE=/u/proct; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_SID=man; export ORACLE_SID
ORA_NLS33=/u/proct/oracle816/ocommon/nls/admin/data; export ORA_NLS33
PATH=$PATH:/u/proct/oracle816/bin; export PATH
CDPATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME:/u; export CDPATH
NLS_LANG='traditional chinese_taiwan'.ZHT16BIG5; export NLS_LANG
#NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1;export NLS_LANG
NLS_DATE_FORMAT='DD-MM-YYYY HH24:MI:SS';export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.0; export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
这一段都是“；”前面声明变量，“；”后输出变量，输出的目的是可以传递给下一级的脚本（子进程）。
alias rman='/u/proct/oracle816/bin/rman'
这个就是给/u/proct/oracle816/bin/rman取一个别名rman，其好处再简单不过，名字太长当然希望用较短的代替很长的输入了。
extfile=`date '+%w_%p_%H_%M'`
这也是声明变量extfile，等号右边是一个命令替换，比如现在是2007年4月29日星期天，15：55那么这个extfile应该是0_PM_3_55 具体你看下date的MAN文档就是了。
%w是参数week，它是用0-6来表示星期日－星期六
%p 它是指用12小时制来表示一天的时间的时候上午或者下午AM or PM
%H 小时
%M 分钟

#rm -rf /www/exp/data/b735data*.*
这个是强制的删除/www/exp/data/下的以b735data开头并带有任意后缀的文件。但是被#号注释掉了，脚本里以#开头的都是注释。
exp foxmold/foxmold file=/www/exp/script/b735data.$extfile compress=y full=y log=n
这些是数据库里的东西了我不懂你去搜下exp命令的用法吧。
mv /www/exp/script/b735data.$extfile /www/exp/data/.
Mv 移动文件的命令。
#rcp /exp/data/data.$extfile 10.160.6.42:/backup/apple_backup
同样被注释掉了，rcp是远程复制命令。
sh DATAexport
执行脚本

重申因为我不懂oracle所以只纯粹说这个脚本哦 呵呵。

‘柒’ linux用户amandabackup有用吗

在Oracle数据库中，有时会发现备份脚本可以在命令行可以执行，但在crontab不能执行。 如何确定在Linux的oracle用户下crontab是否有效。 可以写一个最简单的脚本，脚本中只有date命令，把脚本输入到一个日志文件中。如： 30 23 * * 0-6 /u01/app/rmanBackup/date.sql >>/u01/app/rmanBackup/date.log Date.sql需要有足够的执行权限。 如果可以定时执行date命令，表示在oracle下可以使用crontab命令 Oracle的脚本不能执行，是因为在crontab中找不到oracle下的相关命令，所以需要加上export设置环境变量。没有设置export不能执行。 如：全备: [@linuxidc rmanBackup]$ vi backupFull.sql 内容： # script.:bakupFull.sql # creater:mengzhaoliang # date:2010/12/28 # desc:backup full database datafile in archive with rman # connect database export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1 export ORACLE_SID=hyoms export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH rman target/ << EOF_RMAN run{ allocate channel c1 type disk; backup tag 'full' format '/u01/app/rmanBackup/db0_%d_%T_%s' database include current controlfile; delete noprompt obsolete; release channel c1; } # end 如：crontab [oracle@ ~]$ crontab -e 30 23 * * 0-6 /u01/app/rmanBackup/backupFull.sql >>/u01/app/rmanBackup/backupFull.log

‘捌’ 如何中途停止RMAN备份任务

(1)查看RMAN分配的各个通道的进程号
SQL>
SELECT sid, spid, client_info
FROM v$process p, v$session s
WHERE p.addr = s.paddr

AND client_info LIKE '%rman%';
SID SPID
CLIENT_INFO
113 15898
rman channel=ORA_DISK_1
119 15899
rman channel=ORA_DISK_2
120 15900
rman channel=ORA_DISK_3
117 15901
rman channel=ORA_DISK_4
(2)根据第(1)中得到的进程号，终止RMAN备份
注：这里既要kill 掉RMAN备份脚本的PID，www.linuxidc.com?也要kill 掉RMAN中分配的各个通道的PID
[root@asmdb ~]# ps -ef | grep beq
oracle 1918 1 0 Jul10 ? 00:00:09 oracle+ASM
(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle 15790 1 0 08:53 ? 00:00:00 oracle+ASM
(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle 15892 15885 1 08:57 ? 00:00:00 oracleasmdb
(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle 15897 15885 1 08:57 ? 00:00:00 oracleasmdb
(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

oracle 15898 15885 1 08:57 ? 00:00:00 oracleasmdb
(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle 15899 15885 2 08:57 ? 00:00:00 oracleasmdb
(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle 15900 15885 2 08:57 ? 00:00:00 oracleasmdb
(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle 15901 15885 5 08:57 ? 00:00:00 oracleasmdb
(DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
root 15903 15823 0 08:57 pts/3 00:00:00 grep beq
[root@asmdb ~]# kill -9 15898
[root@asmdb ~]# kill -9 15899
[root@asmdb ~]# kill -9 15900
[root@asmdb ~]# kill -9 15901
[root@asmdb ~]# ps -ef | grep rman
oracle 15885 15740 1 08:57 pts/2 00:00:02 rman target /
root 15926 15823 0 09:01 pts/3 00:00:00 grep rman
[root@asmdb ~]# kill -9 15885
rman备份的命令行终端的显示输出：
[oracle@asmdb ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Proction on Mon Jul 29 08:57:22
2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ASMDB (DBID=557978363)
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 29-JUL-13
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=113 devtype=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: sid=119 devtype=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3

channel ORA_DISK_3: sid=120 devtype=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_4
channel ORA_DISK_4: sid=117 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00002
name=+ASMDG01/asmdb/datafile/undotbs1.261.813779611
input datafile fno=00007
name=+ASMDG01/asmdb/datafile/spottbs.268.821100481
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 29-JUL-13
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001
name=+ASMDG01/asmdb/datafile/system.260.813779595
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 29-JUL-13
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00003
name=+ASMDG01/asmdb/datafile/sysaux.262.813779621
input datafile fno=00004
name=+ASMDG01/asmdb/datafile/users.264.813779629
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting piece 1 at 29-JUL-13
channel ORA_DISK_4: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_4: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00005 name=+ASMDG01/asmdb/datafile/luroutest01.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=+ASMDG01/asmdb/datafile/spot01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_4: starting piece 1 at 29-JUL-13
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 07/29/2013
08:58:20
RMAN-10038: database session for channel ORA_DISK_1 terminated
unexpectedly
channel ORA_DISK_1 disabled, job failed on it will be run on another
channel
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_2 channel at 07/29/2013
08:58:20
RMAN-10038: database session for channel ORA_DISK_2 terminated
unexpectedly
channel ORA_DISK_2 disabled, job failed on it will be run on another
channel
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_3 channel at 07/29/2013
08:58:20
RMAN-10038: database session for channel ORA_DISK_3 terminated
unexpectedly
channel ORA_DISK_3 disabled, job failed on it will be run on another
channel
Killed
[oracle@asmdb ~]$
[oracle@asmdb ~]$
(3)核实进程是否还存在
此时RMAN备份操作已经被终止。查看(1)中的SQL语句时，结果为空。
注意事项
如果单单kill掉RMAN的进程号，那么RMAN备份并没有停止，必须要连channel进程也一起掉才可以!