cactilinux安装

‘壹’ cacti使用

apache2.2.8+mysql5.0.51+php5.2.5+snmp5.14+rrdtool+cacti 配置

OS fedora7 安装选包定制
全选开发包
服务器 一个没选

本机IP 192.168.1.254

安装 mysql
所有安装程序 在 /usr/local下

[root@localhost usr]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost usr]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost usr]# cd /usr/local
[root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.51.tar.gz
[root@localhost local]# cd mysql-5.0.51
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.51# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.51]# make
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.51]# make install
[root@localhost mysql-5.0.51]# cd ../mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql var
[root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot password mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ../mysql-5.0.51/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ../mysql-5.0.51/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --level mysqld 345 on
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]#
Mysql 安装结束

安装apache

[root@localhost usr]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.8.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# cd httpd-2.2.8
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-mods-shared=all --enable-so
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.8]# make;make install
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.8]# cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.8]# cd /etc/rc3.d
[root@localhost rc3.d]# ln -s /etc/init.d/httpd S85httpd
[root@localhost rc3.d]# ln -s /etc/init.d/httpd K85httpd
[root@localhost rc3.d]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl star
Apache 安装完毕

安装PHP
安装支持图形处理，自己可以找最新的安装。
##### zlib#####

cd zlib-1.2.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
make
make install
cd ..

##### FreeType ##### freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz

cd freetype-2.3.5

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype

make
make install
cd ..

##### LibPNG #####

cd libpng-1.2.20

cp scripts/makefile.linux makefile

make test
make install
cd ..

##### Jpeg ##### jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz

cd jpeg-6b

mkdir /usr/local/jpeg
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/bin
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/lib
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/include
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/man
mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/man/man1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg --enable-shared --enable-static
make
make install
cd ..

##### gd ##### gd-2.0.33.tar.gz

cd gd-2.0.33
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd \
--with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg \
--with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype \
--with-png \
--with-zlib

[root@localhost local# tar -zxvf php-5.2.5.tar.gz
[root@localhost local# cd php-5.2.5
[root@localhost php-5.2.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-

mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-openssl=/usr/local/ssl --with-gd=/usr/local/gd --

with-gdbm=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-png-dir --with-

zlib=/usr/local/zlib --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets
[root@localhost php-5.2.5]# make;make install
[root@localhost php-5.2.5]# cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-5.2.5]# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
按 I 键 添加 AddType application/x-tar .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType image/x-icon .ico
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.html.var
保存退出 :wq
[root@localhost php-5.2.5]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl restart
Php安装完毕

设置mysql

[root@localhost httpd-2.2.8]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -pmysql
mysql> create database cactidb;
mysql> grant all on cactidb.* to root;
mysql> grant all on cactidb.* to root@localhost;
mysql> grant all on cactidb.* to cactiuser;
mysql> grant all on cactidb.* to cactiuser@localhost;
mysql> set password for cactiuser@localhost=password('cactipw');
注：以上语句输出 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 表示成功
mysql> exit
Mysql设置完毕
检测apache + php + mysql
[root @tsai usr]# cd /www/htdocs
[root @tsai htdocs]# touch info.php
[root @tsai htdocs]# vi info.php
<?
phpinfo( );
?>
保存退出 ：wq
[root @tsai htdocs]# touch mydqltest.html
[root @tsai htdocs]# vi mysqltest.html
<html>
<body>
<?
$link=mysql_connect('localhost','root');
mysql_select_db('mysql');
$str="select * from user;";
$result=mysql_query($str,$link);
$show=mysql_num_rows($result);
mysql_close($link);
for ($i=0;$i < $show;$i++)
{
$arr[$i]=mysql_fetch_array($result);
};
?>
<table align=center border=1>
<tr align=center>
<td>Host</td>
<td>User</td>
<td>Password</td>
</tr>
<?for ($i=0;$i<$show;$i++){?>
<tr>
<td><?echo $arr[$i][Host]?></td>
<td><?echo $arr[$i][User]?></td>
<td><?echo $arr[$i][Password]?></td>
</tr>
<?};?>
</body>
</html>
保存退出 ：wq

重启mysql + apache 服务
[root @localhost htdocs]# service mydql restart
[root @localhost htdocs]# service httpd restart
进入浏览器检查
http://192.168.1.254/info.php 和 http://192.168.1.254/mysqltest.html

安装rrdtool

[root@localhost usr]# tar zxvf rrdtool-1.0.50.tar.gz
[root@localhost usr]# cd rrdtool-1.0.50
[root@localhost rrdtool-1.0.50]# ./configure
[root@localhost rrdtool-1.0.50]# make && make install

我的是fedora 7,用下面的方法。

[root@localhost usr] yum install rrdtool

Rrdtool安装完毕

安装net-snmp、snmpwalk和snmpget命令

[root@localhost usr]# rpm -qa | grep net-snmp
net-snmp-5.0.9-2.30E.15
net-snmp-devel-5.0.9-2.30E.15
net-snmp-libs-5.0.9-2.30E.15
net-snmp-utils-5.0.9-2.30E.15
[root@localhost usr]# vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
更改 1、com2sec notConfigUser default public
改为：com2sec notConfigUser 127.0.0.1 public
2、access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none
改为：access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
3、#view all included .1 80
将前面的 # 注释 去掉。
保存退出 :wq
[root@localhost usr]# service snmpd restart

使用yum安装更方便：
[root@localhost usr]# yum install net-snmp
[root@localhost usr]# yum update net-snmp
配置还是使用上面的方法修改。

或者使用：net-snmp-5.1.4.tar.gz安装
[root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf net-snmp-5.1.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost local]# cd net-snmp-5.1.4
[root@localhost local]# ./configure
[root@localhost local]# make
[root@localhost local]# make install
运行snmpconf -g basic_setup，会在当前目录下生成一个snmpd.conf配置文件：
[root@localhost local]# snmpconf -g basic_setup
运行后会出现一个询问菜单，按如下步骤进行回答：CODE:[Copy to clipboard]Do you want to configure the information returned in

the system MIB group (contact info, etc)? (default = y): y

The location of the system: Shenzhen, China

The contact information: [email protected]

Do you want to properly set the value of the sysServices.0 OID (if you don't know, just say no)? (default = y): y

does this host offer physical services (eg, like a repeater) [answer 0 or 1]: 1
does this host offer datalink/subnetwork services (eg, like a bridge): 0
does this host offer internet services (eg, supports IP): 1
does this host offer end-to-end services (eg, supports TCP): 1
does this host offer application services (eg, supports SMTP): 1

Do you want to configure the agent's access control? (default = y): y
Do you want to allow SNMPv3 read-write user based access (default = y): n
Do you want to allow SNMPv3 read-only user based access (default = y): n
Do you want to allow SNMPv1/v2c read-write community access (default = y): n
Do you want to allow SNMPv1/v2c read-only community access (default = y): y

The community name to add read-only access for: public
The hostname or network address to accept this community name from [RETURN for all]: (RETURN)
The OID that this community should be restricted to [RETURN for no-restriction]: (RETURN)

Do you want to configure where and if the agent will send traps? (default = y): n

Do you want to configure the agent's ability to monitor various aspects of your system? (default = y): y
Do you want to configure the agents ability to monitor processes? (default = y): y
Name of the process you want to check on: sshd（需要监控的进程）
Maximum number of processes named ' sshd' that should be running [default = 0]: 1
Minimum number of processes named ' sshd' that should be running [default = 0]: 0

Do another proc line? (default = y): n

Do you want to configure the agents ability to monitor disk space? (default = y): y

Enter the mount point for the disk partion to be checked on: /
Enter the minimum amount of space that should be available on /var: %100

Do another disk line? (default = y): y
Enter the mount point for the disk partion to be checked on: /var
Enter the minimum amount of space that should be available on /var: %100

Do another disk line? (default = y): y

Enter the mount point for the disk partion to be checked on: /usr
Enter the minimum amount of space that should be available on /usr: %100

Do another disk line? (default = y): y

Enter the mount point for the disk partion to be checked on: /home
Enter the minimum amount of space that should be available on /home: %100

Do another disk line? (default = y): n

Do you want to configure the agents ability to monitor load average? (default = y): y

Enter the maximum allowable value for the 1 minute load average: 12
Enter the maximum allowable value for the 5 minute load average: 12
Enter the maximum allowable value for the 15 minute load average: 12

Do another load line? (default = y): n
Do you want to configure the agents ability to monitor file sizes? (default = y): n（如果想监控文件的大小，可以选y）

4．运行net-snmp：
# snmpd -c /path/snmpd.conf (要上面生成的绝对路径)
测试一下看看net-snmp是否配置成功：
#snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost .1 (是否可以从.1开始采集服务器数据)
#snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost dskPercent.1 (看看刚配置过的硬盘监测是否成功)
如果有数据了，恭喜你snmp安装成功了。

注：如果你机器内没有snmpwalk和snmpge命令，请到安装盘里查找 net-snmp-utils 包，rpm -ivh net-snmp-utils-*.rpm 只后这两个命令就

在系统里了。其他包也都在安装盘里 确保安装这四个包就OK

安装/ 配置cacti
[root@localhost usr]# useradd cactiuser -g users
[root@localhost usr]# passwd cactiuser (pwd:cactipw)
[root@localhost usr]# cp cacti-0.8.7.tar.gz /var/www/html
[root@localhost usr]# cd /var/www/html
[root@localhost html]# tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.7.tar.gz
[root@localhost html]# mv cacti-0.8.6g cacti
[root@localhost html]# cd cacti
[root@localhost cacti]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p cactidb < cacti.sql
passwork:
[root@localhost cacti]# chown -R cactiuser rra/ log/
[root@localhost cacti]# cd scripts
[root@localhost scripts]# chown cactiuser:users *
[root@localhost scripts]# vi /www/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php
$database_type = “mysql”;
$database_default = “cactidb”;
$database_hostname = “localhost”;
$database_username = “cactiuser”;
$database_password = “cactipw”;
更改用户、密码 等项 与上面给出的对应 保存退出
[root@localhost scripts]# crontab -u cactiuser -e
加入
*/5 * * * * /usr/local/php/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1
保存退出：wq

全部设置完毕。
打开浏览器 http://192.168.1.254/cacti 进入cacti的初始设置页面
第一次默认登陆账号：admin 密码 admin
登陆后在新改个密码就OK
需要说明的还有路径
snmpwalk Binary Path ： /usr/bin/snmpwalk
snmpget Binary Path： /usr/bin/snmpget
RRDTool Binary Path： /usr/bin/rrdtool
PHP Binary Path： /usr/local/php/bin/php
Cacti Log File Path： /var/www/html/cacti/log/cacti.log
Cactid Poller File Path：/var/www/html/cacti/poller.php
如果你是按我的步骤做的 那上面的路径一定不会错。

注：此时graphs还不能显示图形，需要将服务重新启动一下
[root@localhost scripts]# service snmpd restart
[root@localhost scripts]# service mysql restart
[root@localhost scripts]# service httpd restart

‘贰’ 看哦，是这么回事，我在linux centos下安装监控cacti，但是没有检测到图，请问如何解决

检查 rrd root , 目录下的rra 下有没有文件 没有的话初始化 rrd toos

‘叁’ linux 安装cacti 编译GD库出错，求高手解释...

[root@gfwebserver gd-2.0.35]# vi gd_png.c

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "gd.h"

#ifdef HAVE_LIBPNG

#include "gdhelpers.h"
#include "/usr/local/libpng/include.png.h" #根据自己的libpng自行修改路径。

#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0

‘肆’ 虚拟机linux下安装cacti不显示图片

cacti这东西不太好弄。我曾经用了两个星期，能出了一个简图，但是不能动态更新，估计是snmp没有整好。

后来没了耐心，放弃了。唉~

‘伍’ 我在linux下安装的cacti用来监控windows其他数据都有、但CPU、内存只有图没有数据，希望高手指点!

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具备以下强大的功能：

1. 支持监控10台Windows、Linux服务器和网络设备，或者50个PING和URL；

2. 监控内容包括：CPU、内存、磁盘、网卡、进程、端口、目录、文件、日志、端口up/down、流量、
带宽、丢包率、错包率、网络可用性、URL下载时间、网页防篡改等上百个指标参数；

3. 支持邮件、短消息、声音和远程声音告警；

4. 支持健康报告、指标报告、对比报告等多种报告；

5. 支持状态统计、我的仪表盘、管理对象和监测点等多种视图显示

‘陆’ 如何使用CactiEZ进行监控Linux主机

1.要监视一台Linux主机，需要在被监控的主机上安装net-snmp相关软件包，CentOS安装可使用“yum -y install net-snmp”命令：
# yum -y install net-snmp
……
Complete!
2.修改配置文件命令：
# vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf 确保snmpd.conf文件中包含以下内容：
com2sec notConfigUser default public
group notConfigGroup v1 notConfigUser
group notConfigGroup v2c notConfigUser
view systemview included .1
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none
syslocation www.cactiez.com #系统的物理位置
syscontact Root [email protected] # 联系人
pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.4413.4.1 /usr/bin/ucd5820stat
保存并退出
3.开启snmpd服务：
# service snmpd start
4.设置snmpd每次开机时自动启动：
# chkconfig snmpd on。该命令执行完成后不会返回任何结果
5.检查snmpd服务是否已在运行：
# netstat -nlup | grep ":161"
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:161 0.0.0.0:* 16986/snmpd
该命令检查本地是否已在监听UDP端口161，如果返回类似以上结果，表明snmpd服务启动成功。

‘柒’ linux下安装cacti如何监测windows客户端

1监控时候把模板选中那个 windows的就好
2开启windows snmp代理服务
3保证链路ping通 udp数据包在linux监控服务器和window间要通

‘捌’ 求cacti软件在Linux下安装的批处理命令

1. 检查程序中的.H文件所在路径，并将相应路径添加到系统PATH中：
#PATH=[路径名]:$PATH
2. 执行C编译，并指定目标文件名：
#gcc [源文件名] -o [目标文件名]
执行C++编译，并指定目标文件名：
#g++ [源文件名] -o [目标文件名]
3. 改变目标文件属性为可执行文件：
#chmod +x [目标文件名]
4. 如需将多个可执行文件连续执行，可生成批处理文件：
#vi [批处理文件名]
可执行文件名1
可执行文件名2
可执行文件名3
...
并将该文件属性也改为可执行文件。

‘玖’ Linux下简单配置安装cactisnmp再次安装怎么解决

以前确认过机器上安装了snmp，但是这是redhat自带的，据说里面是没有snmpwalk,snmpget这些命令的，所以我这里要重新
编译安装NET-SNMP
官方网站
http://www.net-snmp.org/
下载文件
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/net-snmp/net-snmp/5.5/net-snmp-5.5.tar.gz
解开压缩包
tar zxvf net-snmp-5.5.tar.gz
配置
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp --enable-developer
中间有提示，一路回车下去
make
报错如下：
grep: /usr/lib/libbeecrypt.la: No such file or directory
/bin/sed: can't read /usr/lib/libbeecrypt.la: No such file or directory
libtool: link: `/usr/lib/libbeecrypt.la' is not a valid libtool archive
make[1]: *** [libnetsnmpmibs.la] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/var/tmp/net-snmp-5.5/agent'
make: *** [subdirs] 错误 1
解决办法：
安装beecrypt
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/beecrypt/beecrypt-4.1.2.tar.gz
tar zxvf beecrypt-4.1.2.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install

重新make，又报错了，报错如下：
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lelf
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[1]: *** [libnetsnmpmibs.la] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/var/tmp/net-snmp-5.5/agent'
make: *** [subdirs] 错误 1
解决办法：
ln -s libelf.so.1 /usr/lib/libelf.so

继续make，成功了：）
make install
安装成功。

链接过去
ln -s /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

cp EXAMPLE.conf /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf

/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd //启动SNMP服务

vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
//在rc.local上加入一行/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd,系统启动时启动SNMP服务

现在再回头看看cacti的错误
错误：/usr/local/bin/snmpwalk
错误：/usr/local/bin/snmpget
错误：/usr/local/bin/snmpbulkwalk
错误：/usr/local/bin/snmpgetnext
再次点开，这次就没有以上的错误啦。点Finish
输入用户名和密码admin/admin

登陆后点击graph图标，图没有出来。继续查找下原因，快要成功了：）
查看后台日志cacti里面的log/cacti.log，日志如下：
POLLER: Poller[0] Maximum runtime of 298 seconds exceeded. Exiting

点击控制面板console----->Data Sources
选择列表中的一个Localhost-Load Average
点击右上角的Turn Off Data Source Debug Mode
下面会出现对应的命令Data Source Debug
/usr/local/bin/rrdtool create \
/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/cacti/rra/localhost_load_1min_5.rrd \
--step 300 \
DS:load_1min:GAUGE:600:0:500 \
DS:load_5min:GAUGE:600:0:500 \
DS:load_15min:GAUGE:600:0:500 \
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:600 \
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:6:700 \
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:24:775 \
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:288:797 \
RRA:MAX:0.5:1:600 \
RRA:MAX:0.5:6:700 \
RRA:MAX:0.5:24:775 \
RRA:MAX:0.5:288:797 \

su cacti，执行该命令，报错如下：
ERROR: creating '/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/cacti/rra/localhost_load_1min_5.rrd': 权限不够
晕，前面不是赋予了权限了嘛，难道搞错了。再赋予一次。
chown -R cacti rra
chown -R cacti log
执行命令，OK了，检查一下目录rra，哈哈，已经有一个文件了。去看看图看。图有了，但是是否有正确的每5分钟采集一次
就要等等，等好几个5分钟再来看看了。等了一会儿，还是没有数据，唉，好事多磨啊，有图像了，又没有数据。。。。
检查snmp
snmpwalk -c public -v 2c 10.206.19.59 if 有很多信息返回
检查数据
rrdtool fetch localhost_mem_swap_4.rrd AVERAGE，返回的都是
1261452300: nan
1261452600: nan
文件更新信息
rrdtool lastupdate localhost_mem_swap_4.rrd --template，返回数据
users
1261535656: U
文件信息
rrdtool info localhost_users_6.rrd，返回信息：
filename = "localhost_users_6.rrd"
rrd_version = "0003"
step = 300
last_update = 1261535656
ds[users].type = "GAUGE"
ds[users].minimal_heartbeat = 600
ds[users].min = 0.0000000000e+00
ds[users].max = 5.0000000000e+02
ds[users].last_ds = "U"
ds[users].value = 0.0000000000e+00

网上搜索资料，可能是SNMP没有配置好
vi /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf
cp /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf
重启snmp
/usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd

修改定时任务
[root@dev1 snmp]# crontab -e -u cacti
*/5 * * * * /usr/local/bin/php -q /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/cacti/poller.php > /var/log/poller.log 2>&1

检查定时任务是否启动了
/etc/init.d/crond status

一切正常

检查log/cacti.log日志
12/23/2009 01:14:16 PM - POLLER: Poller[0] WARNING: Cron is out of sync with the Poller Interval! The Poller Interval is '300' seconds, with a maximum of a '300' second Cron, but 4754 seconds have passed since the last poll!
12/23/2009 01:20:01 PM - POLLER: Poller[0] WARNING: Cron is out of sync with the Poller Interval! The Poller Interval is '300' seconds, with a maximum of a '300' second Cron, but 345 seconds have passed since the last poll!
12/23/2009 01:25:00 PM - POLLER: Poller[0] Maximum runtime of 298 seconds exceeded. Exiting.
12/23/2009 01:25:00 PM - SYSTEM STATS: Time:298.7072 Method:cmd.php Processes:1 Threads:N/A Hosts:2 HostsPerProcess:2 DataSources:5 RRDsProcessed:0
12/23/2009 01:30:00 PM - POLLER: Poller[0] Maximum runtime of 298 seconds exceeded. Exiting.

手工执行了几次
php cacti/cmd.php
php cacti/poller.php

PHP Deprecated错误的解决
vi /usr/local/lib/php.ini
加入：
php_flag allow_call_time_pass_reference On
php_value error_reporting "E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_DEPRECATED"

终于有数据了，发现好像是执行了php cacti/cmd.php，但是最后还是有些问题

‘拾’ cacti监控服务器怎样添加linux主机

首先点击Configuration——Hosts——Create Host来进入新增主机界面。

Host Name选项填写一个唯一的名称，Visible Name填写任意你觉得易读的名称。
Groups选择一个已存在的组名，或者在New Group处填写一个新的分组。
Agent interfaces的IP address填写为被监控端IP地址，port保持默认即可。
Description处可以填写任意描述（可空）。
其他保持默认即可。