windowsrman备份脚本
㈠ 求server 2008 R2 rman 备份、恢复oracle数据库（生产库）详细的流程！！
Recovery Manager（RMAN），是一种用于集备份(backup)、还原(restore)和恢复(recover)数据库于一体的Oracle 工具。能够备份整个数据库、表空间、数据文件、控制文件、归档文件以及Spfile参数文件。支持增量数据块级别的备份 和块级别的介质恢复，可以保存频繁执行的备份恢复脚本，可以实现数据库的克隆、使用RMAN建立备用数据库， 支持镜像备份与备份集，可以备份到磁盘与磁带， 管理备份与恢复任务，可增加备份并发度或限制I/O减少备份给数据库带来的影响，在备份期间检查损坏的数据块，支持在备份期间使用压缩特性来减少磁盘空间的占用。
在Windows操作系统中为rman.exe，在Unix系统中为rman。
sql">在用rman做备份时要确定数据库archive处于Enabled状态
sqlplus>archiveloglist
如果不是要打开
shutdownimmediate;
startupmount;
alterdatabasearchivelog;
RMAN>backupformat'/u01/app/oracle/rmanbak/lf_%d_%U'archivelogalldeleteinput;--deleteinput删除所有已经备份过的归档日志
RMAN>'/u01/app/oracle/rmanbak/lf_%d_%U';
full备份：
backupformat'u01/rmbak/full_%T_%u.bak'databaseplusarchivelog;
0级增量备份：
run{
allocatechannelch1typedisk;
format'/u01/bk/rmbk/Inc_0_%U'
tag=Inc_0;
releasechannelch1;}
1级增量备份：
run{
allocatechannelch1typedisk;
format'/u01/bk/rmbk/Inc_1_%U'
tag=Inc_1;
releasechannelch1;}
一个典型的增量备份案例：
星期天晚上-level0backupperformed
星期一晚上-level2backupperformed
星期二晚上-level2backupperformed
星期三晚上-level1backupperformed
星期四晚上-level2backupperformed
星期五晚上-level2backupperformed
星期六晚上-level2backupperformed
做到自动一周备份计划：
1.自动备份：备份脚本+crontab
三个脚本名字：
bakl0
bakl1
bakl2
2.执行脚本：
rmantarget/msglog=bak_0.logcmdfile=bakl0
rmantarget/msglog=bak_1.logcmdfile=bakl1
rmantarget/msglog=bak_2.logcmdfile=bakl2
脚本：
run{
allocatechannelch1typedisk;--备份到硬盘上，分配一个通道
--0级备份
format'/u01/bk/rmbk/Inc_0_%u_%T'--存放的位置
tag=Inc_0;--标签
releasechannelch1;--释放通道
}
㈡ windows环境下oracle数据库的自动备份脚本怎么用
需要写个bat脚本，然后在windows计划任务里调用此脚本可实现每天自动备份。工具：Oracle10g步骤：1、在某个盘符某个路径（以C盘data目录为例），创建oraclebackup.txt文件，内容如下：@echooffecho删除10天前的备分文件和日志forfiles/p"c:/data/"/m*.dmp/d-10/c"cmd/cdel@path"forfiles/p"c:/data/"/m*.log/d-10/c"cmd/cdel@path"echo正在备份Oracle数据库，请稍等……exp用户名/密码@实例名file=c:/data/mdb%date:~0,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2%.dmplog=c:/data//mdb%date:~0,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2%.logfull=ybuffer=65535echo任务完成!2、保存上述文件后，将文件名的后缀改成.bat3、进入windows的控制面板，打开计划与任务，新建任务，点击浏览，选择刚才新建的c盘data目录下的oraclebackup.bat文件。接着选择每天晚上22:00点执行，再输入本机的administrator密码即可。注意事项：exp语句中的用户名密码等内容，需要根据实际需要来填写。
㈢ 如何开始使用RMAN的Oracle备份脚本
1 数据库修改为自动归档模式
2 修改rman参数
3 rman自动备份脚本
4 设置系统自动备份参数
5 rman还原
恢复整个数据库
恢复单个表空间
㈣ 如何在RMAN run脚本里指定压缩方式备份
先定义好备份的过期策略，然后有两种方法。 1、可以使用Schele backup。 2、自己写脚本，并且使用操作系统上的定时任务，定期执行删除脚本。
㈤ oracle数据库这样的（照片所示）rman备份脚本怎么写
只考虑备份，不考虑其他情况下：
root下的3个rman备份级别的脚本：
#cat rman_0.sql
backup incremental level 0 database;
#cat rman_1.sql
backup incremental level 1 database;
#cat rman_1c.sql
backup incremental level 1 cumulative database;
root下的调用rman脚本
#cat rman_0.sh
#!/bin/bash
su - oracle -c "rman target sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit @/root/rman_0.sql"
#cat rman_1.sh
#!/bin/bash
su - oracle -c "rman target sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit @/root/rman_1.sql"
#cat rman_1c.sh
#!/bin/bash
su - oracle -c "rman target sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit @/root/rman_1c.sql"
root的计划任务：
#crontab -e
0 1 * * 0 /root/rman_0.sh
0 2 * * 1 /root/rman_1.sh
0 2 * * 2 /root/rman_1.sh
0 3 * * 3 /root/rman_1c.sh
0 2 * * 4 /root/rman_1.sh
0 3 * * 5 /root/rman_1c.sh
0 2 * * 6 /root/rman_1.sh
11g里只有0和1两个备份级别，请自行对应oracle低版本
level 0是full
level 1是差异增量备份 --和前一次备份比较，将这个期间改变的数据备份下来
level 1c是累计增量备份 --和比他小得级别相比（即全备份），改变的数据备份
然后根据实际情况还要将备份的策略往脚本添加
㈥ rman备份脚本和rman增量备份脚本分享
一、单独备份
1、经典整库备份：backup
as
compressed
backupset
database
include
current
controlfile
plus
archivelog
delete
all
input;
2、tablespace：backup
tablespace
名字;
3、数据文件：backup
datafile
n;
(n:具体的数据文件编号select
file_name,file_id,tablespace_name
from
dba_data_files;)
4、控制文件：backup
current
controlfile;或者backup
database
include
current
controlfile;
5、日志文件：backup
archivelog
all;或者
database
plus
archivelog;
6、参数文件：backup
spfile;
7、全库备份脚本：
复制代码
代码如下:
run{
allocate
channel
c1
type
disk;
backup
full
tag
‘dbfull'
format
‘/backup/full%u_%s_%p'
database
include
current
controlfile;
sql
‘alter
system
archive
log
current';
#在数据库进行全备份完成之后，需要执行该条命令将当前日志归档，备份归档日志时应该包括最后生成的归档
backup
filesperset
3
format
‘/backup/arch%u_%s_%p'#filesperset
3设定每个备份集里文件不超过3个
archivelog
all
delete
input;
#备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份
release
channel
c1;
}
二、增量备份
1、0级增量备份
复制代码
代码如下:
run{
allocate
channel
c1
type
disk;
backup
incremental
level
0
tag
‘db0'
format
‘/backup/db0%u_%s_%p'database
include
current
controlfile;
;
sql
'alter
system
archive
log
current';#在数据库进行全备份完成之后，需要执行该条命令将当前日志归档，备份归档日志时应该包括最后生成的归档
backup
filesperset
3
format
‘/backup/arch%u_%s_%p'#filesperset
3设定每个备份集里文件不超过3个
archivelog
all
delete
input;
#备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份
release
channel
c1;
}
2、1级备份脚本
复制代码
代码如下:
run{
allocate
channel
c1
type
disk;
backup
incremental
level
1
tag
‘db1'
format
‘/backup/db1%u_%s_%p'
database
skip
readonly
include
current
controlfile;
backup
filesperset
3
format
‘/backup/arch%u_%s_%p'#filesperset设定每个备份集里文件不超过3个
archivelog
all
delete
input;
#备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份
release
channel
c1;
}
㈦ oracle怎么用rman脚本进行备份
Oracle数据库中rman备份脚本非常实用
查询字符集
SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters;
NLS_CHARACTERSET
AL32UTF8
备份时字符集很重要，不然会出乱码
一、0级备份（全备）红色是要修改的，根据个人的存放位置。
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat db_bak0.rman
run
{
configure retention policy to recovery window of 8 days;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/%F';
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc0_%d_%s_%p_%u_%T';
backup incremental level 0 tag='level 0' database skip inaccessible filesperset 10 plus archivelog filesperset 20;
release channel ch1;
}
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-30';
0级运行脚本
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat exec_0_level.sh
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle122; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
export DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d)
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".AL32UTF8
/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target sys/sys_admin cmdfile /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/db_bak0.rman log /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/log/rman_$DATE.log append
二、1级备份（增量）
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat db_bak1.rman
run
{
configure retention policy to recovery window of 8 days;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/%F';
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc1_%d_%s_%p_%u_%T';
backup incremental level 1 tag='level 1' database skip inaccessible filesperset 10 plus archivelog filesperset 20;
release channel ch1;
}
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-30';
1级运行脚本
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat exec_1_level.sh
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle122; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
export DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d)
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".AL32UTF8
/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target sys/sys_admin cmdfile /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/db_bak1.rman log /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/log/rman_$DATE.log append
三、2级备份（从0级追加到现在的备份）
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat db_bak2.rman
run
{
configure retention policy to recovery window of 8 days;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/%F';
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc2_%d_%s_%p_%u_%T';
backup incremental level 2 tag='level 2' database skip inaccessible filesperset 10 plus archivelog filesperset 20 delete all input;
release channel ch1;
}
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
2级运行脚本
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat exec_2_level.sh
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle122; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
export DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d)
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".AL32UTF8
/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target sys/sys_admin cmdfile /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/db_bak2.rman log /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/log/rman_$DATE.log append
定时备份星期天为0级全备，星期三为2级备份，星期一，星期二，星期四，星期五，星期六为1级增量备份晚上11点开始备份
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ crontab -l
* 23 * * 0 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_0_level.sh
* 23 * * 1 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 2 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 3 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_2_level.sh
* 23 * * 4 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 5 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 6 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
㈧ oracle数据库这样的（照片所示）rman备份脚本怎么写
只考虑备份，不考虑其他情况下：
root下的3个rman备份级别的脚本：
#cat
rman_0.sql
backup
incremental
level
0
database;
#cat
rman_1.sql
backup
incremental
level
1
database;
#cat
rman_1c.sql
backup
incremental
level
1
cumulative
database;
root下的调用rman脚本
#cat
rman_0.sh
#!/bin/bash
su
-
oracle
-c
"rman
target
sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit
@/root/rman_0.sql"
#cat
rman_1.sh
#!/bin/bash
su
-
oracle
-c
"rman
target
sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit
@/root/rman_1.sql"
#cat
rman_1c.sh
#!/bin/bash
su
-
oracle
-c
"rman
target
sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit
@/root/rman_1c.sql"
root的计划任务：
#crontab
-e
0
1
*
*
0
/root/rman_0.sh
0
2
*
*
1
/root/rman_1.sh
0
2
*
*
2
/root/rman_1.sh
0
3
*
*
3
/root/rman_1c.sh
0
2
*
*
4
/root/rman_1.sh
0
3
*
*
5
/root/rman_1c.sh
0
2
*
*
6
/root/rman_1.sh
11g里只有0和1两个备份级别，请自行对应oracle低版本
level
0是full
level
1是差异增量备份
--和前一次备份比较，将这个期间改变的数据备份下来
level
1c是累计增量备份
--和比他小得级别相比（即全备份），改变的数据备份
然后根据实际情况还要将备份的策略往脚本添加
㈨ oracle rman备份脚本怎么写
在ORACLE数据库中，RMAN备份的脚本非常多，下面介绍一例shell脚本如何通过RMAN备份，以及ftp上传RMAN备份文件以及归档日志文件的脚本。
fullback.sh 里面调用RMAN命令做数据库备份，它使用的cmdfile为/home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv，同时在/home/oracle/backup/logs目录下生成日志文件。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more fullback.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/bash
4:
5: export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
6:
7: export ORACLE_SID=gps
8:
9: ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/proct/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
10:
11: TMP=/tmp; export TMP
12:
13: TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
14:
15: PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
16:
17: PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
18:
19: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
20:
21: CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
22:
23: export CLASSPATH
24:
25: TODAY=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
26:
27: rman nocatalog target / cmdfile /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv log /home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$TODAY.log
28:
29: /home/oracle/backup/bin/ftpbackup.sh
30:
fullback.rcv文件非常简单， 如下所示：
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv
2:
3: run{
4:
5: allocate channel c4 type disk;
6:
7: backup as compressed backupset
8:
9: skip inaccessible
10:
11: tag fullbackupwitharchivelog
12:
13: (database);
14:
15: backup current controlfile;
16:
17: backup spfile;
18:
19: sql "alter system archive log current";
20:
21: delete noprompt obsolete;
22:
23: release channel c4;
24:
25: }
26:
RMAN生成的备份文件，需要通过FTP上传到FTP服务器，一则数据库服务器没有这么多空间存储多天的备份，二则是出于容灾、数据安全需要。
下面脚本中FTP服务器，用户名密码均使用xxx替代，在实际环境中，使用具体的信息替代即可。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftpbackup.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh、
4:
5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc
6:
7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
12:
13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
14:
15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
16:
17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
18:
19: echo "mkdir $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
20:
21: echo "cd $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
22:
23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
24:
25: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
26:
27: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc
28:
29: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
30:
31: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
32:
33: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
34:
35: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc
36:
37: echo "cd .." >>/home/oracle/.netrc
38:
39: echo "cd ../backupset" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
40:
41: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
42:
43: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
44:
45: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/backupset/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
46:
47: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
48:
49: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc
50:
51: echo "cd ../autobackup" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
52:
53: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
54:
55: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
56:
57: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/autobackup/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
58:
59: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
60:
61: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
62:
63: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
64:
65: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc
66:
67: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log 2>&1
68:
另外，关于归档日志也需要每隔2小时上传一次到FTP服务器，2小时上传一次归档日志的shell脚本如下所示：
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftp2hours.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh
4:
5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc
6:
7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
12:
13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
14:
15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
16:
17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
18:
19: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
20:
21: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
22:
23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
24:
25: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc
26:
27: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
28:
29: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
30:
31: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc
32:
33: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp2hours.$date_today.log 2>&1
34:
最后需要将RMAN备份生成的日志文件，以及FTP上传备份文件以及归档日志的记录通过邮件形式发送给DBA或系统管理员，
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more chkbackandmail.sh
2: #!/bin/bash
3: rm -f /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
4: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
5: subject="Oracle Backup Alert Service on $date_today"
6: content="Dear colleagues,
7:
8: Attached please find the logs of xxx(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) oracle database backup and transfer to FTP Server(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx), please
9: review the file and check whether the backup succeeded or not,and double check all backups have been mped to tape, many tha
10: nks
11:
12:
13:
14:
15: Best regards
16: Oracle Alert Services
17:
18: "
19: file="/home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$date_today.log,/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log"
20: echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
21: echo "use Mail::Sender;" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
22: echo "\$sender = new Mail::Sender {smtp => 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx', from => '[email protected]'}; ">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmai
23: l.pl
24: echo "\$sender->MailFile({to => '[email protected]',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
25: echo "cc=>'[email protected],[email protected],[email protected]'," >> /home/oracle/backup/b
26: in/sendmail.pl
27: echo "subject => '$subject',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
28: echo "msg => '$content',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
29: echo "file => '$file'});">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
30: perl /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
最后在Crontab 作业里面配置调用这些shell脚本。例如如下所示，在1：01分执行fullback.sh ，每隔两个小时（例如0:50、2:50...)执行一次ftp2hours.sh, 在每天早上8:40执行chkbackandmail.sh 发送fullback.sh 以及ftp2hour.sh的执行日志记录。
㈩ 如何使rman定时自动备份
其实用的东西不是太多？你要讲清楚你的OS平吧？1 将备份数据库的脚本存贮到RMAN的恢复目录2 将调用RMAN备份执行备份脚本的脚本放到一个SHELL内3 用CRON进行调度就可以啦。